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The Polyvagal Theory
By Dr. Stephen Porges
“How safe we feel is crucial to our physical and mental health and happiness.”
- Dr. Stephen Porges
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
The mammalian autonomic nervous system (ANS) has evolved to exhibit three primary states that adapt based on our perception of safety. This shifting mechanism operates subconsciously (as described by neuroception) and underpins our emotions and feelings. These states can interact, creating hybrid states that allow for a spectrum of behavioral responses, from calmness to action, depending on whether the environment is perceived as safe or threatening.
Neuroception
Neuroception: A term coined by Dr. Stephen Porges
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Neuroception refers to the subconscious process by which the autonomic nervous system (ANS) assesses safety and danger through continuous sensory input. This system operates independently of conscious thought, allowing for immediate responses to perceived risks.
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Neuroception interacts with an individual's autonomic state, which can vary based on their resilience and past experiences. Those with higher resilience tend to perceive more cues of safety, while those with lower resilience may be more attuned to threats.
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When the ANS is in a defensive mode, neuroception is biased towards detecting danger, whereas a calmer state allows for more accurate assessments. Faulty neuroception can occur, leading individuals to misinterpret their environment, often influenced by past traumas. For instance, those with a history of adversity may become hyper-vigilant and engage in risky behaviors, maintaining a heightened state of arousal in anticipation of threats.
An excerpt from Dr. Stephen Porges new publication:
Porges SW. The polyvagal theory: new insights into adaptive reactions of the autonomic nervous system. Cleve Clin J Med. 2009 Apr;76 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S86-90. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.76.s2.17. PMID: 19376991; PMCID: PMC3108032.
“Polyvagal Theory does not interpret homeostasis as being locked to a set point but is more consistent with the construct of allostasis, 16-18 which also emphasizes the dynamic adjustment of autonomic function to match the metabolic demands of behavior. However, Polyvagal Theory focuses on the specific role of the ventral vagal brake as an important neural pathway in serving this purpose.”
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Learn more about Polyvagal Theory and its many applications, the work of Stephen Porges, nervous system regulation, coregulation, neuroception, the vagus nerve, and more at Polyvagal Institute. Check out courses, trainings, resources and events: https://www.polyvagal.org
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